History of the Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prize was introduced in 1901. This award has been given to various individuals and organizations worldwide for six years for successful and unique general research and innovation and for the outstanding work of human welfare. Prizes were awarded in six subjects. The subjects are Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Economics, Literature, and Peace.
The Nobel Prize was awarded in 1895, according to a will made by Swedish scientist Alfred Nobel. Noble announced the award in a choice before his death.
Awards have been given since 1901 in subjects other than economics, but prizes in economics began in 1969. Alfred Nobel did not mention economics in his will. From 1940 to 1942, award ceremonies were closed for World War II. Each year, each awardee receives a gold medal, a certificate, and some money from the Nobel Foundation. In 2012, the amount was 800,000 Swedish kronor. The Nobel Prize is not awarded to the deceased. Laureate must be alive at the time of the award.
History
On October 21, 1833, Alfred Nobel was born in Stockholm, Sweden, to an engineering family. In 1894, he purchased a buffer iron and steel factory, which later became one of the largest arms factories. Alfred Nobel invented the ballistic missile, which is used as a smokeless military explosive worldwide. Through his 355 inventions, he amassed wealth during his lifetime, the most notable of which was dynamite.
In 1888 he was surprised to see a list of the dead published in a French magazine, A Merchant of Death Who Dead. Since Nobel’s brother Ludwig died, this article makes him think and easily understand how he wants to be remembered in history. On December 10, 1896, Alfred Nobel died in his hometown of San Remo, Italy. He was 63 years old at the time.
Nobel wrote many wills during his lifetime. The last was written on November 27, 1895, at the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris, just a year before his death.
Nobel bequeathed 94 percent of its total assets to these five prizes. It was not until April 26, 1897, Norway approved the will for skepticism. Whose job is to protect his assets and organize the Nobel Prize ceremony.
With the approval of the Nobel Prize in 1897, it formed an organization called the Norwegian Nobel Committee to award the Nobel Prize. In soon established other Nobel Prize-winning organizations. The Karolinska Institute on June 7, the Swedish Academy on June 9, and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on June 11. The Nobel Foundation reached a policy on how the Nobel Prize was awarded, and in 1900 the Nobel Foundation formulated a new rule, issued by King Oscar. In 1905, the bond between Sweden and Norway was dissolved. Since then, the Norwegian Nobel Committee has been solely responsible for awarding the Nobel Peace Prize and Swedish institutions the other prizes.